The Cultural Niche Why Social Learning Is Essential For...

Robert Boyd, Peter J. Richerson and Joseph Henrich in their article: The Cultural niche: Why social learning is essential for human adaptation, suggest that the human inhabitants had been successfully increasing more than any other species on earth, not only because humans are smarter than any other species, but mainly because humans have the particular capacity to learn from other and transmit that knowledge to the next generations. The cultural niche: the ability to observe, to learn from other, and imitate give to humans a very important advantage over other animals. We had been using that knowledge to survive in a harsh environment. Culture is crucial for the adaptation of humans to their environment. (Culture is essential for human adaptation) The Central Inuit survive in the Arctic thanks to what they learned from their ancestors: the language, the new discoveries, and designs they implemented to the everyday activities such as the use of caribou skin to stay warm, the construc tion of snow houses, the use of soap stone lamps, the hunting of seals, the making baskets, predicting storms and travel on ice. Cultural adaptation is a social process. (generations) (Miss Brill)(Cultural adaptation is a population process).(require contacto social) The Central Inuit lived in communities, they interact with each other, learn from older generations, and as a group, they do not rely on individual knowledge but in a collective learning that allows them to improve their artifactsShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Human Development1536 Words   |  7 PagesExperts have spent centuries attempting to obtain the secrets of human development and identify the exact science behind it. Experts have not been able to discover any exact influences of normal human development, nor have they been able to uncover the exact causes of developmental abnormalities (Disabilities). What they have found can seem quite confusing and has caused much debate among those trying to tackle the answer to the question. Is ones developmental trajectory determined by the highnessRead MoreCognitive Resilience in Adulthood9822 Wo rds   |  40 Pageswhat might otherwise be adverse circumstances. The cascade of biological processes associated with senescence and a cultural context that does not take into account this biological imperative each create risk for cognitive decline in later adulthood. We propose that (a) engagement, a sustained investment in mental stimulation, and (b) personal agency, which enables one to construct a niche for successful life span development, constitute the centerpiece of cognitive resilience. Numerous factors at theRead MoreEssay about TECHNOLOGY VENTURE CHALLENGE CONTENT AN6485 Words   |  26 Pagesï » ¿PART 1: VENTURE OPPORTUNITY, CONCEPT AND STRATEGY Question 1: Describe the opportunity that attracts you and why you think it is a new venture opportunity. Opportunity is a condition that can benefit or bring success to an emerging or established to be taken immediately. Opportunities are usually approaching a person in a state of vague and uncertain. Someone who is competent and willing only to be nabbed opportunities that exist in front of him. Slow grab the opportunity to escape to the handsRead MoreCognitive Therapy: Theory of Psychopathology and Theory of Personality4428 Words   |  18 Pagesdisorders, and Beck increasingly turned his attention to applications of cognitive therapy to more complex problems. To do so, he both articulated new aspects of cognitive theory and clarified how traditional cognitive concepts could explain such diverse human experiences such as panic disorder and schizophrenia. He also published Cognitive Therapy of Personality Disorders, wherein he proposed his first version of a long-term cognitive therapy on personality disorders—diagnoses usually consideredRead MoreWalmart vs Carrefour26545 Words   |  107 PagesOperating Strategies 2.3 Positioning Strategies 2.3.1 Cost Leadership 2.3.2 Differentiation 2.3.3 Focus Strategy 2.4 Human Resource Management 2.4.1 HRM Adaptation to Local Context 2.5 Resource-Based Theory and Management Strategies 2.5.1 The Resource-Based Theory 2.5.2 Entry Modes Selection and Resource-Based Theory 2.5.3 Positioning Strategies and Resource-Based Theory 2.5.4 Human Resource Management and Resource-Based Theory (11) (11) (14) (17) (18) (19) (20) (23) (24) (26) (31) (31) (33) (35)Read MoreFeasibility Study Coffee Club11732 Words   |  47 PagesProduct Description 2 3.0 Corporate vision, mission and goals 2 3.1 Vision statement 2 3.2 Mission statement 3 3.3 Corporate goals 3 4.0 Situation Analysis - PESTEL 3 4.1 Political/Legal factors 3 4.2 Economic factors 4 4.3 Social and cultural factors 6 4.4 Technology factors 7 4.5 Environmental factors 8 4.6 Competitive audit chart 10 5.0 SWOT Analysis and Implications 11 5.1 Strengths 11 5.2 Weaknesses 13 5.3 Opportunities 13 5.4 Threats 14 6.0 Marketing ObjectivesRead MoreCultural Tourism in Mauritius5854 Words   |  24 PagesCHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1. Cultural Tourism in Mauritius Tourism comprises of activities of persons travelling and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than 1 consecutive year, for leisure business and other purposes (WTO, 1991). Mauritius is one of the islands which make up the Mascareignes Islands group. Tourism is a major factor in keeping the economy of this country as high as it is. Before people started visiting this beautiful part of the world they solely reliedRead MoreLenovo and Ibm23938 Words   |  96 PagesSuccessful Cross-Cultural and Management Integration: The Experience of Lenovo and IBM By Sharona Peng Achieving  Successful  Cross†Cultural  and  Management   Integration:  The  Experience  of  Lenovo  and  IBM.            Sharona  Peng         A  thesis  submitted  to  Auckland  University  of   Technology  in  partial  fulfilment  of  the  requirements  for   the  degree  of  Master  of  Business  (MBus)      2008      Faculty  of  Business      Primary  Supervisor:  Peter  Enderwick      1 / 78 Achieving Successful Cross-Cultural and ManagementRead MoreMarketing Case Study9790 Words   |  40 Pagesgames were also used as a marketing tool. A-B spent heavily on advertising and promotion; various advertising agencies produced about 100 new ads for A-B each year. Given these facts, what changes, if any, would you expect A-B’s new owners to make? Why? Student answers should explain the differences in / among / and between the different management orientations and compare and contrast the ethnocentric orientation of A-B beverage company versus their new Belgium owners. One could argue that A-BInBevRead MoreMarketing Analysis for the Sonic 1000 Pda9811 Words   |  40 Pages(differentiation) or by offering a low-priced product to a niche market (cost leadership). The focus strategy may also be labeled the niche strategy, as this is a truer definition of Sonic’s goal in pursuing this particular strategy. Sonic’s use of the niche strategy will yield many benefits as the company decides where to focus its marketing energy and finances. As with many things in life, there are cons to accompany the pros. As Sonic pursues a niche strategy, the company must be constantly aware of

Dad Anti Everything Art - 1039 Words

Dada: Anti-everything Art World War I was the beginning and end of many things. Gone were the orderly lines of calvary men and soldiers preparing to charge on command, and in came the age of the machine. Technology advances in weaponry made killing even easier and the trenches of WWI became a blood bath. It is in this time of confusion and violence emerged an artistic and literary movement known as Dada. Dada found it s roots in Zurich, Switzerland at the beginning of 1916. According to Hans Richter, a former Dadaist and writer of Dada Art and Anti-art, the â€Å"peculiarly claustrophobic and tense atmosphere of neutral Switzerland in the middle of the Great War† made it a prime place for this movement to start (12). Here the writer†¦show more content†¦Hugo Ball defined Dada as â€Å" foolery, foolery extracted from the emptiness in which all the higher problems are wrapped, a gladiator s gesture, a game played with the shabby remnants . . . a public execution of false morality† (Richter 32). Dada was about freedom. Freedom from social, political, and artistic constraints. Dada moved from Switzerland when Tzara began a periodical and used his connections with other modern poets to help spread the movement (Richter 33). Ball believed that dada spread because it â€Å"had no programme, it was against all programmes . . . and, at that moment in history it was just this that gave the movement its explosive power to unfold in all directions, free of aesthetic or social constrains† (34). Separate from the Dada movement developing in Switzerland, a similar moment was developing in New York, lead by a periodical called Camera Work by Alfred Stieglitz. He believed that he could not only show the world through photography, he could make his own (Richter 81). He and a small group of young painters, with the help of a gallery by the name of â€Å"291† helped create a new concept of art that married the ideas of photography a nd painting, which was debuted in 1913 in a exhibition called the â€Å"Armory Show,† the focus of

Christian Ethics and Animal Right-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Christians are beginning to reevaluate the moral status of animals, becoming more concerned with animal suffering. As a result of this, should Christians become Vegetarians? Answer: The Christians observe a moral code and charity is an essential part of their religious doctrine. Moral goodness is an essential part of their religion and their religion believes that the goodness and love that is shown to fellow human beings is returned to us. It lays stress on the fact that God and ones neighbour should be treated with love and compassion for the greater good of human kind([1] ).The relationship between that of Christianity and animal rights is complex and varied which relies to a great extent on the historical context. Jesus Christ has often been depicted in terms of imagery that is related to animals. According to the Christian environmentalists animals should be treated with respect. Many Christian philosophers have stated that the individuals should follow Jesus and animals should be treated in such a manner that shows compassion. It should also illustrate respectful stewardship of the humanity for the environment. William Wilberforce who is the co-founder in relation to Royal Society For The Prevention Of Animals stands as an example. Christian attitudes have expressed the notion that human beings are negligent towards animals. They neglect the animals and are dismissive of the lot of animals. Some Christians have the idea that animals should be treated like commercial products that people can utilize in order to serve the desire of humanity ([2]). Ideology is an important part of this debate and people from right wing and conservatives have a tendency to view animals as only resources. Those who have sympathy for the left are more supportive of animal rights measures. The relationship between that of animals and that of people is extremely complex. Christian writer Jack Zavada has said that mans likeness is conceived to God and animal is considered to be subservient to man which points forward that animals can have the breath of life. It brings out the idea that animals are not held to be in the same position as that of the human kind. The book of Genesis states that humanity is made out of the image of God and they are given the authority to control all the other beings of the earth. It does not mention that Adam and Eve are having animal flesh. No incidence of mal-treatment in respect to animals has been mentioned in the Bible. The creatures along with that of the humans co-exist harmoniously and no mention of animals being exploited is noted in the Bible. Proverbs 12: 10 lay out an important principle that a man who is right cares about the health of his animal. Meat-eating has received the approval of God after Adam and Eve were sent away from the Eden to that of the end of global flood. A section of Genesis 9;3 states that just the way green plants were given to them in the same way they were given everything. The Old Testament states that God made differentiation between that of animal and that of man and man was asked to control the animals for the benefit of man. God has also provided man with the moral guidelines that cruelty should be prevented. Animal sacrifice is an important aspect in many parts of the Bible. Isaiah 65:25 states that the wolf along with that of lamb will have food together and that the lion will eat straw like that of the fox ( [3]). Jesus Christ in New Testament stands for a moral icon and he can be looked upon as an inspiration in respect to Christian ethics. The canonical gospels did not exactly perceive Jesus to be a vegetarian. Biblical passages show that Jesus along with his followers are carrying out fishing which in a way suggests that meat-eating was done in this phase. In respect to animal rights, Jesus is conceived of to be the good shepherd and it is mentioned that a good shepherd sacrifices his life for serving the sheep ( [4] ).It thus highlights a moral theme that those who are powerful should sacrifice themselves for serving the cause of the weaker section. This is often taken to be inspiration in respect to that of animal welfare. Christians are re-evaluating moral status in respect to animals and in the present age they are veering towards vegetarianism. What is driving them to become vegetarians is exclusively related to what they think of God. Assertions have been found in the scripture that highlights that God empathizes with the fate of animals. Jesus used to say that even when a sparrow falls on the ground then it has effect on the emotional state of Heavenly Father. An argument in the Bible states that putting an end to the life of an animal for the sake of getting food is permitted. This was however not the original will in respect to God. Adam along with Eve were practitioners of vegetarianism and even their descents were vegetarians till the time of the great flood ([5]). Peaceful kingdom that will be established after the second coming, vegetarianism will be the normal order for both humans and the animals. Another important reason of Christians abstaining from the practice of being meat-eaters is that of commitment to the poor and hungry people prevailing within the world. On processing the protein in grain and then being eaten by the human race, one can derive health benefits that are maximum. The grains being eaten by animals and then being consumed by man, a major part of the protein is lost. In a malnourished world where dearth of protein causes a lot of suffering among adults and children, one should be concerned about the needs of Gods children. The Bible says that our bodies should be treated as Temple of God. It highlights the fact we should abstain from such practices that cause injury to our health. Eating meat harms our bodies and the dictum of the scriptures states that maintaining healthy bodies is of crucial importance. Vegetarianism can prove to be an important step in that direction and it can help in maintaining a healthy lifestyle. When the different scriptural passages in relation to animal welfare are seen in the larger context of grace and mercy, a strong argument indicates the humane treatment in relation to God. Abstinence from consuming meat is professed very strongly in many Biblical cases [6] Contradictory to teaching of Aquinas, the celebrated Christian leaders were vegetarians who had the notion that consumption of meat was contrary to that of biblical message of the element of compassion. The biblical statements have conflicting opinion in regard to the treatment meted out to animals. The Old Testament describes incidences of animal sacrifice along with that of animal subservience. On the other hand, there are verses in Job and Isaiah that talks about purity in respect to animals. Chapter 22 in Book of Numbers narrates the enchanting story of the character of Israelite Balaam who had a faithful donkey that witnessed the angel with sword. It was blocking the path and it chose to move away into the field. Balaam is not pure and so he could not see the angel. He beat the donkey and asked the creature to move back into the road ([7] ).His numerous efforts to bring the donkey to the right path failed, the donkey spoke to Balaam and it told him that if he opened his mind he would be able to see that there is a strong reason for it suddenly stopping in the middle of the road. Just at this juncture, the angel became visible to Balaam. He trembles and falls back on the ground and the angel asked him why he had beaten the donkey ([8] ).The angel said that if the donkey had not turned away from the road, then it would have killed him but spared the donkey. The contradiction in respect to teaching was carried forward in the New Testament. In a large number of verses, animal imagery is used to reflect the religious attributes along with that of the God himself. There are many passages where Jesus is called by the name of Lamb of God ([9]). In Mark 1:9-11, Holy Spirit appeared in the form of dove. When Jesus was emerging from the water, he saw the tearing apart of Heaven. The spirit descended on Jesus by taking the form of dove. All the scholars agree to the fact that prophetic messages existing in Book of Isaiah have described Kingdom of God as the place where there is no killing and everyone co-exists in harmony ([10]). In the Genesis description of Garden of Eden god craves for such a world where there is no killing. It can be deduced that animals should not be killed for food and one should lead a life devoid of any kind of killing. Killing a living creature is against the strain of that of human nature. During the biblical times, horrors in relation to modern factory farming did not exist. It speaks volumes about the suffering that is inflicted upon creatures with the help of these atrocious practices. A merciful God can never forgive such monstrous activities. A diet based on plants can prove to be beneficial for the human body. Scientific research have made clear the fact that vegetarians have a long life and it has linked meat consumption with that of heart disease( [11] ).Animal agriculture results in deforestation along with that of water pollution around the world. Church leaders are also viewing consumption of meat outrightly as a sin. Nothing can be worse than consuming meat for sustenance. It perpetrates anguish to the lives of the innocent animals. Animals were created by the all-powerful God in the same manner as that of humans and they are supposed to get the same amount of freedom like that of humans. The bible commands the human race to produce good result by taking recourse to repentance. New Testament is based on the important idea that being sanctified member of Christ who have received the grace of God, Christians should lead a godly life. A righteous life can give forth to a fulfilling life ([12] ).Condemnation in relation to the consumption of meat and mistreatment of animals will in the coming future emerge to be a doctrinal tenet in relation to the Christian Church. According to the Christians, our hearts should be directed towards serving God that includes caring for that of the creation of God. Most of the Christians have access to healthy plant food ( [13] ).The Bible has stated that diet that is plant-based is the ideal of God. All the creatures used to live peacefully in Eden and God instructed the human race to have just plant food. The Bible has stated that animals should be cared for and all the creatures should take part in Sabbath rest. The Christians are compas sionate and they are advocators of mercy and animal rights ([14]). Having the noble qualities of pity, is an essential part of their religious doctrine. In the description in Genesis relating to Garden of Eden god wanted a world without any kind of killing. Animals should not be killed for the sake of food and the life of a person should be bereft of any kind of killing. Killing a living creature goes against the strain of that of human nature. The biblical scriptures do not have any mention of modern factory farming. Many passages are there where Jesus is called Lamb of God. In Mark 1:9-11, Holy Spirit took the form of a dove. Eating meat causes harm to our bodies and the scriptures maintains having a healthy body is extremely crucial. Vegetarianism can help one to have a healthy lifestyle. The Christians should hence become vegetarians according to the moral principles of the religious books and in order to comply with the ethos of Christianity. References: "Basic Statement On Christian Morality".Christianityetc.Org. Last modified 2017. Accessed November 3, 2017. https://www.christianityetc.org/morality.php. "Christianity And Animals".Nonhuman Animal Ethics. Last modified 2017. Accessed November 3, 2017. https://nonhumananimalethics.wordpress.com/religion-and-animals/. "Ethical Principles From The Bible".Christian Medical Fellowship - Cmf.Org.Uk. Last modified 2017. Accessed November 3, 2017. https://www.cmf.org.uk/resources/publications/content/?context=articleid=1330. "Jesus, Christianity, And Animal Rights".Your Daily Vegan. Last modified 2017. Accessed November 3, 2017. https://www.yourdailyvegan.com/2013/03/jesus-christianity-and-animal-rights/. "Should Christians Care About Animal Welfare?".The Exchange | A Blog By Ed Stetzer. Last modified 2017. Accessed November 3, 2017. https://www.christianitytoday.com/edstetzer/2013/december/animal-welfare-and-christian.html. "Six Principles Of A Jesus-Centered Moral Order".ERLC. Last modified 2017. Accessed November 3, 2017. https://erlc.com/resource-library/articles/six-principles-of-a-jesus-centered-moral-order. "What Are The Basic Elements Of Christian Morality? - Rediscover: | Archdiocese Of Saint Paul And Minneapolis".Rediscover.Archspm.Org. Last modified 2017. Accessed November 3, 2017. https://rediscover.archspm.org/belonging/what-are-the-basic-elements-of-christian-morality/. "What Do Activists Mean By Animal Rights'".Thoughtco. Last modified 2017. Accessed November 3, 2017. https://www.thoughtco.com/what-are-animal-rights-127600. "What Does The Bible Say About Christian Values And Christian Life?".Christianbiblereference.Org. Last modified 2017. Accessed November 3, 2017. https://www.christianbiblereference.org/faq_ChristianValues.htm. "What Is Christian Ethics? | A Guide To Ethics".Pages.Stolaf.Edu. Last modified 2017. Accessed November 3, 2017. https://pages.stolaf.edu/ein/christian-ethics/what-is-christian-ethics/. Equip.org. "Is Animal Rights A Biblical Concern? - Christian Research Institute".Christian Research Institute. Ministry, Christian. "What Is The Christian Position On Animal Rights? | Christian Apologetics Research Ministry".Carm.Org. Morals, We, and We Morals. "We Should Expect Non-Christians To Share Our Morals".Christianitytoday.Com. Last modified 2017. Accessed November 3, 2017. https://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2015/october-web-only/we-should-expect-non-christians-to-share-our-morals.html. Oppenheimer, Mark. "Scholars Explore Christian Perspectives On Animal Rights".Nytimes.Com Equip.org, "Is Animal Rights A Biblical Concern? - Christian Research Institute",Christian Research Institute Ministry, Christian. "What Is The Christian Position On Animal Rights? | Christian Apologetics Research Ministry".Carm.Org. Mark Oppenheimer, "Scholars Explore Christian Perspectives On Animal Rights",Nytimes.Com "Should Christians Care About Animal Welfare?".The Exchange | A Blog By Ed Stetzer. "Jesus, Christianity, And Animal Rights",Your Daily Vegan, last modified 2017, accessed November 3, 2017, https://www.yourdailyvegan.com/2013/03/jesus-christianity-and-animal-rights/. "Christianity And Animals",Nonhuman Animal Ethics, last modified 2017, accessed November 3, 2017, https://nonhumananimalethics.wordpress.com/religion-and-animals/. We Morals and We Morals, "We Should Expect Non-Christians To Share Our Morals",Christianitytoday.Com, last modified 2017, accessed November 3, 2017, https://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2015/october-web-only/we-should-expect-non-christians-to-share-our-morals.html. "Basic Statement On Christian Morality",Christianityetc.Org, last modified 2017, accessed November 3, 2017, https://www.christianityetc.org/morality.php. "What Does The Bible Say About Christian Values And Christian Life?".Christianbiblereference.Org. Last modified 2017. Accessed November 3, 2017. https://www.christianbiblereference.org/faq_ChristianValues.htm. "What Do Activists Mean By Animal Rights'".Thoughtco. Last modified 2017. Accessed November 3, 2017. https://www.thoughtco.com/what-are-animal-rights-127600. "What Are The Basic Elements Of Christian Morality? - Rediscover: | Archdiocese Of Saint Paul And Minneapolis".Rediscover.Archspm.Org. Last modified 2017. Accessed November 3, 2017. https://rediscover.archspm.org/belonging/what-are-the-basic-elements-of-christian-morality/. "Ethical Principles From The Bible".Christian Medical Fellowship - Cmf.Org.Uk. "Six Principles Of A Jesus-Centered Moral Order",ERLC, last modified 2017, accessed November 3, 2017, https://erlc.com/resource-library/articles/six-principles-of-a-jesus-centered-moral-order. "What Is Christian Ethics? | A Guide To Ethics".Pages.Stolaf.Edu. Last modified 2017. Accessed November 3, 2017. https://pages.stolaf.edu/ein/christian-ethics/what-is-christian-ethics/.

Worth Of Education Essays - , Term Papers

Worth of Education Scholarship Essay A few days ago, as I was eating lunch with friends, I entered a heated debate about the worth of education. "I should not have to learn algebra and calculus because it will have no influence on my life," my opponent angrily shouted as I tried to defend the usefulness of mathematics. Three days later, I still mul l over the issue, trying to arrive at the origin of the disparity of views betw een my opponent and me. I treasure every bit of knowledge I gain, in or out of school. When someone contends that a particular academic field or realm of inf ormation has no applications, I feel compelled to demonstrate the fallacy of such an argument by citing an example from my life. As a middle-schooler in Moscow, Russia, I took English for three years. Many of my peers grumbled about having to attend the course, adamant in their belief that these skills would be never used. However, some, including myself, felt that any offer of knowledge was to be accepted and stored away for possible later use. Lo and behold, three years after I signed up for my first English class, I found myself living in the United States, sending sincere thank you letters to my English teacher for supplying me with survival skills. If I had not taken my class seriously, my integration into the American society would have taken much longer. My attitude toward learning has not changed since. Striving to excel in every class I take, I regard education in all areas as relevant to my life, rather than remote. I try to link each piece of new information either to my intended field of study (Physics/Mathematics) or to personal enlightenment. Living up to my motto, "The measure of learning is its application," I prepare myself for all situations and achieve well-roundedness.